---
title: "Watermark Embedding"
description: "This document describes how to embed unique information about the playback session invisibly in the video."
---
> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](/llms.txt).

import { LinkCard, CardGrid } from '@astrojs/starlight/components';

DoveRunner Forensic Watermarking combines two versions of videos marked '0' and '1' in real-time at playback. It converts session information, such as user ID, to binary format, and thus composes the output stream by combining segments from the DASH or HLS content.

As a result, unique information about the playback session is inserted invisibly in the video and sent to the client.

```mermaid
sequenceDiagram
    participant A as End user
    participant B as Service site
    participant C as CDN
    participant D as DoveRunner service
    A ->> B: Request URL for playback
    B ->> D: Content URL, Session data
    Note right of D: Session manager
    D -->> D: Generate session key(payload) and store session data
    D ->> B: Send Session URL
    B ->> A: Send Session URL
    A ->> C: Start playback of Session URL (request segments)
    Note right of C: Watermark embedder module
    C -->> C: Segments mixing by Session URL
    C ->> A: Send mixed segments
    Note right of A: Playback mixed content
```

> The segment list of the DASH manifest (.mpd) or HLS playlist (.m3u8) passed as a Session URL applies the same path and filename to all users, regardless of session information. Therefore, it is **safe from segment naming attack** which is mixing the segment lists of multiple sessions for the same content.

You can use the following documents to integrate the watermark embedder module with the session manager API.

<CardGrid>
<LinkCard
  title="Session Manager API Guide"
  href="./session-manager/"
  description="This document describes how to integrate the session URL for the watermark embedding through DoveRunner session manager API."
/>
<LinkCard
  title="CloudFront CDN Embedder Module"
  href="./cloudfront-embedder/"
  description="This document describes the Lambda@Edge embedder module that works with Amazon CloudFront CDN."
/>
<LinkCard
  title="Akamai CDN Integration"
  href="./akamai-integration/"
  description="This document describes how to apply Forensic Watermarking embedding with Akamai CDN."
/>
<LinkCard
  title="Cloudflare Workers Integration"
  href="./cloudflare-embedder/"
  description="This document describes how to apply Forensic Watermarking embedding with Cloudflare."
/>
</CardGrid>